Lead pencil



Jan. 9, 1923.

A. POLLAK.

LEAD PENCIL. FILED FEE.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l ATTORNEY,

W QM.

@www

Jian. 9, 31923.

' A. POLLAK.

LEAD PENc'| 1 F`| LED FEB.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 ATTORNEY* Patented Jian. 9, 1923.

ABRAHAM POLLAIK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

Liman PENCIL.

application filed February-9, 1922. Serial No. 535,273.

. of New York city, in the .c'ountyof New York an State of New York,have invented certain ew and useful Improvements in Lead Pencils, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in mechanical `lead penc1ls, andltconsists 1n the novel features, structure and combinations of partshereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims,whereby a pencil of improved character is produced.

One object of my invention is to provide an efficient and mechanicallypractical novel lead pencil in the use of which on the rotation in onedirection of a part of the pencil, the stick of lead may be propelledforwardly toexpose its outer end for writing purposes and on therotation of said part in a reverse direction, the stick of lead will beretracted within the pencil.

A special object of the invention is to provide a novel construction ofpencil in which the stick or piece of lead after having beensufficiently consumed by use. or unduly shortened lby breakage, may onthe .rotation of a part of the pencil, be wholly expelled from thepencil;

A further purpose of the invention is to provide a pencil whose partsare of novel character and operation and may be readily constructed andassembled and which pencil will be durable and highly efficient in useand be capable of exposing the lead for writing purposes, retracting theleadV when the luse thereof has concluded and finally expelling anunduly short piece of lead entirely from the pencil. l

The nature and purposes of the invention will be fully understood fromthe detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which: p

Fig. 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through a pencilconstructed in accordance with and embodying the invention, the parts ofthe pencil being. shown in the relation they have when the lead isexposed for writing purposes;

- Fig. 2 is a substantially corresponding section, on a larger' sc'aleand partly broken away, through a portion of the same, the

mechanism being shown as in the operation of expelling a short pieceofllead from the pencil;

Fig. 3 is aside elevation, partly broken away and partly in section, ofthe rear end lportion of the pencil, a cap therefor being shown ashaving been drawn youtwardly beyond and to Aexpose a' rubber erasercarried by an inner barrel or tubular portion of the pencil; a A

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same portion of the pencil, showingthe cap as having been turned downwardly from the rubber eraser, leavingthe same exposed for use or to be withdrawn for opening the chamber inthe pencil for reserve leads;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section, on an enlarged scale, through thepencil, taken on the dotted line 5 5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a. corresponding transverse lsec-A tion through the pencil,taken `on the dotted line 6 6 of Fig. l;

Flg. 7 is a corresponding transversesection throughthe pencil, taken onthe dotted line .7-7 of Fig. 2;

Flg. 8 is a longitudinal section through 5v5 6o i the exterior barrelportion or casing of the pencil;

' Fig. 9 is a side elevation of an inner forward tubular portion andassociated parts, of the pencil, the features shown in Fig. 9 beingdisposed within the forward portion of the exterior barrel or'casing;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation, partly in sec.

tion, of an inner rear tubular portion of the pencil, with associatedparts, to be inserted into the rear part of the exterior barrel of thepencil, Fig. -10 also illustrating the exposed end cap ofthe pencilswiveled to said rear tubular portion.

Figs. 11, 12 and' 13 show the respective Vparts of the lead. holding andactuating .mechanism finally disposed centrally within the-pencil, theseparts when inserted within the pencil being assembled in longitudinalrelationinthe manner hereinafter described Fig. 14 is a verticaltransverse section, on an enlarged scale, through the'pencil, taken onthe dottedline 14-14 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 15 is a corresponding section through the pencil, taken on thedotted line 15'-15 of Fig. 1. S

The pencil comprises four main tubular members 1.0, 11, 12 and 13, themember 13 with the member 11 and carried thereby.

The member 10 constitutes the exterior shell or casing of the .penciland is preferably in one integral tube tapered at its forward end toform a tip-member 14 through the forward end of which the lead 15 ispro'-y jected, when desired, for writing purposes. The rear 'end'ofthecasing'membery 10 is normally closed by a cap 16 whose details will be.hereinafter described and which, by means of a yoke 17, is swiveled tothe tubular member 12, said member 12 having elongated openings 18 initsopposite sides to receive the forwardly bent ends 19 of the side arms119 of said yoke and permit said'yoke with the c'ap 16, tohave alongitudinal movement when pressed toward the rear end of the casing 10or tothe position shown in Fig. 1 or drawn outwardly therefromypreparatory to being swung' downwardly to the position .shown in Figs. 4and l0 to expose the eraser 20 which plugs the rear end of the tubularmember 12.

The tubular member 12 is a plain cyliu drical barrel having theopenings18 near its lrear end and at its front end being secured in an annularrecess 2l formed on the rear end ofv a nut 22 which contains a spirallythreaded hole 23 in line with the longitudinal center of the tube 12 anda hollow central portion 24 constituting a recess to freely receive therear end of the tubular member 13, as shown in Fig. 1. The nut 22 hasrounded exterior forward edges 25 and in rear thereof is formed with anannular rounded groove 26. The spirally threaded hole 23 in the nut 22cooperates with the longitudinally movable spiral rod 27, as hereinafterdescribed and the forward end of the nut 22 enters and interlocks withthe rear end of the tubular member 11,

nularly groovedl portion 29 of the tube 11 upon the nut 22 and into theannular recess 26 thereof. In the assembly of the parts the nut maybeforced .into the rear end of the forward tubular member 11 and' whentherein said nutserves to interlock the tubular members 11, 12 to etherand permit the member 12to have ree rotary vagainst the inner walls ofthe shell or casing 10. The tube 11 is preferably slotted, in itsopposite sides, as at 28, and at its forward portion is of reduceddiameter or olfset inwardly, as at 129, and continued forwardly, as at30, said portion'30 forming a concentric tube which projects into theforward tapered portion or tip 14 of the shell or casing 10. -Tl1eoffset portion 129 of the tube 11 constitutes a shoulder which engagesthe rear end of the tapered portion or tip 14 of the tube or casing 10,said shoulder serving to seat the tube 11 at its forward portion firmlywithin the shell or casing 10 -and prevent forward motion of the tube11.

then forcing said tube ll-'into the shell orl casing 10, the inner wallsof which act against the initial bulge of the sides of the tube 11 andfirmly engagesaid sides. The

slots 28 permit me to bulge the opposite sides of the tube l1 outwardlyto a slight extent before driving said tube into the shell or casing 10.

The tubular member 13 is concentrically within' the tube l1 and itsmember 30 of reduced diameter, and at its rear end said tube 13 freelyenters within the recess 24 of the nut 22, while at its forward portionsaid tube 13. fits closely within the auxiliary tube 30 and projectsforwardly beyond the same, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 9, and is turnedinwardly at its forward extremity to form-an annular flange 31. Thetubular member 13 is polygonal' in cross-section, as shown in Figs. 5,6, 9 and 15, and is preferably secured within the auxiliary portion 30of the tube 11 by solder 32, as shown in Fig. 15, whereby the tubularmembers 11, 13 become a unit and may be handled as one part and bothbecome stationary within the outer casing 10 by reason of the engage:ment of the inner walls of said casing wlth the tube `11.l

The operative mechanism occupying a central longitudinal position withinthe pencil and by means of which the lead is propelled forwardly ofretracted rearwardly on the rotation in one direction or the other ofthe tube 12, is shown detached in Figs, 11, 12,

13 and consists of a spirally threaded rod or screw 27 having on itsforward end a polygonal head 33 containing `a threaded recess 34, apropeller rod 35 threaded on its rear end tobe screwed intofsaid recess34 and having on its forward end a head or section 36 of somewhatgreater diameter than the body of the rod35, a coiled spring 37 confinedon the rod 35 (Fig.2), and a tubular lead-clutch or member 38 which hason its rearend a polygonal head 39 (Fig. 1) and forwardly projectingslit sides 40 to grasp the lead 15. The head 39 has a hole 41 4in it,and in the assembly o-f the parts the bare rod 35 is, starting at itsrear threaded end, inserted into the clutch member 38 from the forwardend thereof and through the hole 11 until the head 36 on said rod abutSagainst 'the inner surface of the head 39 at said hole, and thereafterthe spring 37 is placed upon the rod 35 and compressed to some extentthereon, where-upon the threaded rear lend ofthe rod 35 is screwed intothe recess 34 of the head 33 'on the spirally threaded rod or screw 27,the spring 37 then being confined between the head 39 of the clutchmember38 and the head 33 on the rod or screw 27... The head 36 on therod 35 is adapted to have longitudinal movement within the 4clutchmember'38 and lat its forward end directly engages the end of the lead15, as shown in Fig. 2.

The polygonal head 33 on the rod or screw 27 and the polygonal head 39on the clutch member 38 conform to the interior Cross-section of thepolygonal tube 13 within 'which they are p1aced,as shown in Figs. 1 and2, the forward edge of the head 39 being pressed against the forwardflange 31 on the end of said tube by the spring 37 ,and said flangeservingas a stop to restrain the clutch member within the tube 13. Theheads 33, 39 are prevented from rotating within the tube 13 by reason ofthe polygonal crosssection of said heads and tube, and hence the screwor rod 27, rod 3 5`and clutch member 38 can have no rotary motion.4 Theheads 33, 39 may, however, have longitudinal sliding-movement within thetube 13, and in Figs. 1 and 2 1 illustrate said heads in two positions.The means for propelling the heads 33, 39 and with them the rod 35 andclutch member 38, forwardly to expose or wholly eject the lead 15 andfor retracting said headsrod and clutch member to withdraw the leadinto\ the pencil, consist of the rotary tube 12, nut 22 and rod or screw27, said rod or screw moving forwardly when the said tubeand nut areturned in one direction and rearwardly when said tube and nutv areturned .or rotated in the reverse direction. The clutch member 38 willpermit the lead 15 to be forced through it for exposure or expellingpurposes but will, by reason"l of-its spring sides, suiiciently bindagainst the lead to withdraw the. lead into the pencil when the saidmember 38, rod' 35 and rodor screw 27 are vretracted inwardly. `Theclutch member 38, rod 35 and screw 27 move forwardly with substantialuniformity until the head 39 meets the stop flange 31, and during thismovement the head 36 on ,the rod 35 exerts a yielding pressure on thelead due to the presence of the spring 37 between the member 38 and head33, and this is a feature of advantage and avoids a harsh action againstand the breaking o f the leads.

After a lead has become unduly short and it is desired to expel the sameentirely from the pencil, the tube 12andfnut 22 are turned to propel therod 35 and clutch member 38 forwardly until the head 39 on said clutchmember reaches the stop flange 31 on the tube member 13 and are thenfurther turned in the same direction to propel the rod 35 and its head36 along through the clutch until said piece has been expelled, this`operation of the parts being indicated in Fig. 2. During this finalforward propelling movement of the rod 35 and its head 36 to expel thelead, the clutch member 38 becomes 4member 38 and against the piece oflead 15 arrested by the flange 31 and the spring 37 becomes compressedbetween the clutch member and Lthe head 33, which travelsforwardly withthe rod 35, and this compression `of the spring permits the rod 35 tocontinue in movement beyond its normal throw while the clutch member 38is stationary. The.

spring 37 normally acts to press the clutch member 38 forwardly againstthe rear end of thehead 36 on the rod 35, but when the clutch memberbecomes arrested by the flange 31, said spring by becoming compressedpermits the rod 35 to continue in forward movement for exposing orexpelling the piece of lead. 4

rlhe rotation of the tubular member 12 and nut 22 to cause the travelingmovement of the rod or screw 27 and its connected parts, is effected byholding the'` main casing 10 stationary and turning, with the thumb andlinger, the cap 16 when said cap .is in its operative position at therear end of said casing, as' shown in Fig. `1.

rllhe cap 16 and'yoke 17 are of special construction. The yoke 17consists of two side arms 119 whose forward ends 19 freely enter theslots 1.8 of the tube 12 and a disk head '5 0 which connects the rearends of s aid arms .inwardly on said'yoke and the rear end of f thetube'12vto the positiony shown in ig. 1 and outwardly from saidtube 12and partly fromy 0H the yoke 17 to the position shown in Fig. 3, afterwhich the cap andyoke may be turned downwardly, as shown vin Fig. 4,clear of the eraser 20. The cap 16 providesl Cil a chamber for the outerportion of the eraser 20, and when the cap and yoke are turned to a.horizontal posit-ion while ,extended in a direction from each other(Fig. 3), the cap 5 may be pushed forwardly on the yoke 17 and tube 12and will push the yoke for wardly until the bent end portions 19 of theyoke slide to the forward ends of the slots 18 and pass below theouteredges of the main casing 10, the whole then taking the position shown inFig. 1. lVhen the cap 16 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, it. will beutilized as a key for rotating the tube 12, and at this time theindented lugs 53 5 will perform their second function. to-wit: that ofengaging the arms 119 and through said arms imparting the rotarymovement of said cap `to the tube 12 for actuating the screw 27 andparts associated therewith, -said lugs 53 engaging diagonally oppositeedges of said arms when the cap 16 is turned clockwise and the otherdiagonally opposite edges of said arms when the cap is turnedcounter-clockwise. The cap 16 and yoke 17, thus serve as means forturning the tube 12 in either direction and the cap 16 serves as afinish for the rear end of the pencil and also affords a chamberconcealing the eraser 20. The cap 16 is pulledv outwardly and thenturned downwardly (Fig. 4) when the eraser 20 is to'be used or when theeraser is to be detached for* exposing the chamber for reserve leads inthe tube 12. f

I haveA hereinbefore explained the man- 5 ner yof assembling the screw27, rod 35, spring 37- and clutch member 38 into one connected part, andwhen these features havey been assembled as described, the screw 27 maybe screwed into and through the`nut 22 to the requisite extent andthereupon the clutch member38, rod 35, spring 37, head 33 and forwardend of the screw 27 will'be moved forwardly intoythe hexagonal orpolygonal tube 13 and the forward'end of the nut 22 will be forced intothe rear end of the tube 11, thus assembling all the interior parts ofthe `pencil quickly and into unit form.

The exterior casing will then be pushed in a rearward direction oversaid assembled 0 interior parts, and finally the eraser 2O will beapplied and the cap 16 and yoke 17 will be turned upwardly and thenpushed forwardly on the tube 12 and to their fina-l position shown inFig. 1.v

` 5 The lead 15 will be inserted through the forward end of the tip 14and into the forward portion of the polygonal tube and within the clutchmember 38 up to the forward end of the head 36 on the rod 35, as shown 0i'n Fig. 1 and said lead may be projected and retracted or whollyexpelled, as may be desired, by the rotation of the head 16 and tube l2in the manner hereinbefore fully ex- What l claim as my invention anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A. lead pencil comprising an exterior casing having at its forwardend a tip-member, a rear rotary tube therein equipped with a. spirallythreaded nut and having an operating head at its rear end, a forwardnonrotary tube detachably connected with said rotary tube, a tubepolygonal in cross-section extending through said forward tube and rigidtherewith and being partly closed at its forward end, a spirallythreaded rod extending through said nut and movable longitudinallytherefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal head to guide withinsaid polygonal tube. a propeller rod connected with and extendingforwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular lead-holding memberadapted to receive the writinglead and slidable wit-hin said polygonaltube and having a head to prevent its escape therefrom, and a coiledspring on said rod engaging said lead-holding member head and saidpolygonal head, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole inthe head of) said lead-holding member and having a vhead on its forwardend to engage the lead said rotary tube and having a forward t-ubu-y larextension 4of reduced diameter projected into said tip member, a'tubepolygonal in cross-section extending through said tubular extension andrigid therewith and being partly closed atI its forward end, a spirallythreaded rod extending through said nut and movable longitudinallytherefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal guiding head withinsaid polygonal tube, a propeller rod connected with and extendingforwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular clutch member adapted toreceive the writing-lead and slidable within said polygonal tube andhaving a polygonal head preventing its escape therefrom, and a coiledspring on said rod engaging said clutch member head and saidv guidinghead, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the headof said clutch member and having a head on its forward end to engage thelead and expel the same and also at the proper time for drawing saidclutch member rearwardly along said polygonal tube,

said propeller rod being adapted when the V clutchV member is arrestedat the end of the polygonal tube 4to continue infmotion to ex-l pel thelead, said spring then being compressed between saidv clutch member andsaid polygonal guiding head.

3. A lead pencil comprising an exterior casing having at its forward enda tip-member, a rear rotary tube therein equipped with a spirallythreaded annularly grooved nut at its forward end and having anoperating head at its rear end, a forward non-rotary tube having a splitand grooved rear end to be sprung upon said nut and engage the groovethereof, atube polygonal in crosssection extending through said forwardtube and rigid therewith and being partly closed at its l.forward end,al spirally threaded rodex-tending through Said nut\and movablelongitudinally therefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal headto guide within said .polygonal tube, a propellerl rodA connectedv withand extending forwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular clutchmember adapted to receive the writingdead and slidable within saidpolygonal tube and having a head to prevent its escape therefrom, and acoiled spring on said rod engaging said clutch member head and saidpolygonal head,said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole inthe head of said clutch member and having a. head on its forward end toengagethe lead and slidable within said clutch member.

i LA lead pencil Acomprising an exteriorcasing having, at its forwardend a tip-member, a rear rotary tubev therein equipped with a spirallythreaded nut and having an operating head, a sp-irally threaded rodextending through said nut and mo-vable longitudinally therefrom andhaving on its f0r`y ward end a guiding head, a forward stationary tubereceiving said head and partly closed at its forward end, a propellerrod connected with said guidinglhead and .exe tending forward-ly withinsaid forward tube,

- a tubular lead-holding member adapted to receive the writingllead andslidable within said forward ytube -and having a head to prevent itsescape therefrom, and a coiled spring on said rod engagingsaidlead-holding member and said guiding head, said propeller .rod'extending frowardly througha hole in the head of Asaidlead-holding'member and having a'l head on its forward endv to engagethe leady and slidable within said member, said propeller rod beingadapted when the lead-holding member is arrested at the end of saidforward tube to continue in mot-ion to expel the remaining piece oflead,

.said spring then being comp-ressedbetween Said guidinghead andthelead-homing member. y

5. A lead pencil of the propeller type comprising aspirally threaded rodadapted spring on said propeller rod between said guiding head and saidlead-holding mem ber, sald propeller rod extending forwardly through ahole in the head of said-member and having a head on its forward endslidable within said member, said propeller rod being adapted when saidmember has become arrested to continue in motion to expel the remainingpiece of lead, said spring then bein compressed between said member andsaid ead.

i t6. .A lead pencil comprising a spirally threaded rod adapted forlongitudinal movement, rotary threaded means engaging said rod andhavi'ngmeans for the manual rotation of the same, a vpolygonal guidinghead on said rod, a polygonal tube receiving said head, ,a propeller rodconnected with said head,`a lead holding clutch-member slidable withinsaid polygonal tube and having a rear head end, and a coiled springonsaid propellerrod between said guiding head and said lead-holdingmember, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in thehead of said member'and having a head on' its forward end slidablewithin said member, said propeller rod being adapted when said memberhas become arrested t0 continue in motion to expel the remaining pieceof lead, said spring then being compressed' between said member and saidhead.

7. A lead pencil comprisinga propeller rod on the rear end of which is aguidin head, a tube `,receiving said head and ro means for impartinglongitudinal movement to `said head and rod, a lead holding memberslidable within said tubeV and having a rear head end therein, andacoiled spring on said propeller rod between said guiding head and saidlead-holding member, said propeller rod extending forwardly through ahole in the head of said member and havinga head omits forward endslidable within said lmember-,said propeller rod being adapted when saidmember has become arrested to continue, in motion to expel'the remainingpieced of lead, said spring then being compressed between saidmember andsaid head. Y'

8. A lead pencil comprising a propeller vrod on the rear end of whichzisa polygonal ilo rested to continue in motion to expel the remainingpiece of lead, said spring then 10 being compressedv between said memberand said head.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, this 7th day of February, A. D. 1922. f\-

' ABRAHAM POLLIAK.l

